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Showing posts with label Barcelona. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Barcelona. Show all posts

Monday, 5 February 2018

The Kings Unit 4

8th August, 1835

Last news

Great fire in Barcelona

Bonaplata's factory

The last friday's night the factory "El Vapor" was assaulted and inflamed by a group of luddites. There were numerous damages and the Bonaplata asked the government for an indemnification. A worker, Aleix Pardiñas, was arrested by the police and he confessed after having being tortured and he was shooted the saturday.

Resultado de imagen de ludistas
Luddites attacking the machines

The factory began to work after the dead of  Fernando VII and in a political difficult situation with the confrontation between carlists and supporters of Isabel II. Due to this struggle and to the politicals trends of some friars in Reus and other important cities, some convents were attacked. Then the revolt arrive to Barcelona and on the 25th of July, there were similar attacks in Sant Josep's convent and also in those of the Carmelites, the Dominicans, the Agustinos and the Trinitarios. On 5th of August, the general Balsa, who was trying to stop the disturbances, died. With the presence of this rarefied atmosphere and of the conflicts inside the factory about the machines that were seen as the enemy by the working class the workers decided that that night was the perfect one to carry out the plan that they had organize during weeks and weeks. They enter in the factory and began to burn some machines. Then they escape in the confusion and run away. The mayority of the workers managed to escape but Aleix Pardiñas didn't get it and some hours later he was imprisoned. During this weekend some others industrious towns like Manlleu, Ripoll, San Pedor, Moyá or Gironella were attacked by the luddites.


Leader of the English Luddites
They took as example the attacks in Alcoy in 1821. It was the first manifestation of Luddism that there was in Spain. It took place on 2 of March of 1821, during the Liberal Triennium of the reign of Ferdinand VII, when about 1200 peasants and laborers from the neighboring villages who carded and spun wool in their homes assaulted Alcoy and destroyed 17 machines. Two regiments from Játiva and Alicante had to intervene to restore tranquility.
In the all the cases they take as example the attacks made up in the south and east of Great Britain, in which the first Luddites destroy the machines  as a form of  increase pressure on employers, to weaken the lower-paid workers who competed with them, and to create solidarity among workers. They said: "These attacks on the machines did not necessarily imply hostility to the machines as such, the machine was just a convenient objective against which an attack could be carried out". The aim of the Luddites is gainning a better negotiating position with their employers. They were not afraid of technology per se, but they were "labor strategists"
If you want to see more of the history of luddites click here.











Friday, 26 January 2018

EMPERORS UNIT 3

WHAT EVERYONE WAS WAITING FOR

After the bombing of Barcelona, Espartero lost the popularity achieved as winner of the first Carlist War and that gave him the title of "Duque de la Victoria". In the first months of 1843 a "antiespartierist coalition" was formed.

General Espartero
The 27th of May there was a protest at Reus, led by moderate militars, such as General Prim, Topete and Serrano. Espartero went to Valencia to oversee the operations against the rebels. But, the 27th of June, three generals came back from exile in Paris. These generals were moderates as well, Generals Ramón María Narváez, Manuel Gutiérrez de la Concha y Juan González de la Pezuela . 

Serrano was named the provisional leader of government. After swearing everything the Board asked for, Serrano and the barceloneses started to march agaisnt Madrid.

The 22nd of July the Battle of Torrejón de Ardoz took place, which only lasted for 15 minutes, because the troops of the progresists joined the troops led by Serrano and in the 23rd Narváez entered at Madrid and reestablished Joaquín María López as president.

López didn´t recognise the promise between Serrano and the Board of Barcelona to call a central Board which would asume the power.

After knowing the ending of the Battle of Torrejón de Ardoz, Espartero fled to England, after losing all hope when wasn´t able to conquer Seville.





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